In a study of 176 healthy individuals, it was observed that levels of glutathione (GSH) decrease with age.
Older adults with higher levels of glutathione have fewer diseases, lower cholesterol levels, lower body mass index and lower blood pressure, and about one-third of people with chronic diseases have glutathione levels below the lower limit of normal.
In another 24-week trial, the study involved older adults aged 71-80 years.
During the trial, the participants' cellular glutathione levels increased, their oxidative stress levels decreased, and cognitive function, language ability, physical strength, and insulin resistance all showed significant improvements.
In 2017, in a double-blind control clinical trial, participants were divided into two groups: one group supplemented with 250mg of reduced glutathione (GSH) per day, and the other group supplemented with the same dose of oxidized glutathione (GSSG).
Compared to the control group, all subjects showed improvement in the reduction of dark spots caused by UV exposure. Some subjects supplemented with glutathione observed a decrease in skin wrinkles and an increase in skin elasticity.
This suggests that glutathione supplementation has the potential to improve the skin and that it can have a positive effect whether it is reduced or oxidized.
Glutathione, from the point of view of the composition alone, as a natural oxidizing reducing agent, plays an important role in skin whitening. The main ingredient of whitening needles is glutathione, which has the function of inhibiting melanin synthesis, reducing melanosis, promoting the decomposition and excretion of melanin.
1. Inhibit melanin synthesis
Glutathione can inhibit melanin synthesis by inhibiting tyrosinase activity.
Literature: Song Y.J. et al. (2015). Inhibitory effect of glutathione on melanogenesis and its mechanisms.
2. Antioxidant effect
Glutathione has powerful antioxidant properties that can remove free radicals from the body and reduce melanin production.
Literature: Xiao X. et al. (2018). Glutathione: A review on its role and significance in dermatology.
3. Promote melanin decomposition and excretion
Glutathione can promote the breakdown and excretion of melanin, which helps to reduce melanosis and improve uneven skin color.
Literature: Hao L. et al. (2017). Glutathione in melanogenesis and its clinical significance in hyperpigmentary disorders.
The action mechanism of glutathione in whitening is various, including inhibiting melanin synthesis, having antioxidant properties and promoting melanin decomposition and excretion.
The combination of these mechanisms makes glutathione an effective whitening ingredient.
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